Point of View in Shirley Jacksons The Lottery Essay

Point of View in The Lottery Shirley Jacksons The Lottery uses the third-person dramatic point of view to tell a story about an un-named village that celebrates a wicked, annual event. The narrator in the story gives many small details of the lottery taking place, but leaves the most crucial and chilling detail until the end: the winner of the lottery is stoned to death by the other villagers. The use of the third-person point of view, with just a few cases of third-person omniscient thrown in, is an effective way of telling this ironic tale, both because the narrators reporter-like blandness parallels the villagers apparent apathy to the lottery, and because it helps build to the surprise ending by giving away bits of†¦show more content†¦Summers and everyone else in the village knew the answer perfectly well .... This limited use of omniscience does not detract from the story, and is used sparingly and effectively to inform the reader of minor details that dont need to be belabored. It is the matter-of-fact tone and benign cadence of the narrator that sets the atmosphere for this story, and matches perfectly with the perfunctory attitude the villagers have toward the lottery. The narrator is going about his or her business -- explaining details, recording conversations, revealing the history of the lottery -- while the villagers are going on with the routine business of the lottery. This banality lulls the reader into a lowered sense of expectation, while the story slowly builds to the climax. Shirley Jacksons use of the third-person dramatic point of view, and the way her narrator sometimes uses minute details, such as the construction and history of the lottery box, allows her to introduce to the reader important hints to the ending without telegraphing it. For example, in only the second paragraph, the narrator observes, Bobby Martin had already stuffed his pockets full of stones.... These stones are to be used to kill a person by storys end, but the information is delivered so plainly and amidst other less meaningful details that it slips under the readers radar. Also, since the villagers thoughts arent revealed, the reader slowlyShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Shirley Jacksons The Lottery954 Words   |  4 Pagesmessage. Shirley Jackson’s â€Å"The Lottery† displays a masterful usage of literary elements to better convey Jackson’s general purpose, such as through the deep symbolism and underlying theme; however, Jackson’s true provocation of e motion is accomplished through her quintessential use of point of view. The objective point of view is indispensable within â€Å"The Lottery† because of the creation of suspense, drama, and irony. To begin with, the first reason why Jackson’s objective point of view is indispensableRead More Shirley Jacksons The Lottery 946 Words   |  4 PagesShirley Jackson is said to be one of the most â€Å"brilliant and influential authors of the twentieth century.† â€Å"Her fiction writing is some of the most important to come out of the American literary canon.† (http://shirleyjackson.org/Reviews.html) Jackson wrote many short stories and even some books. They are more on the dark, witchlike side, however. Kelleher explains that Jackson stated in some interviews that she practiced magic. No one really knows if she was serious while practicing witchcraftRead MoreThe Use Of Characterization In The Lottery By Shirley Jackson902 Words   |  4 Pages inhumane lottery in a situation in which the town goes together, the results may be a terrible end in a young life. In â€Å"The Lottery† written by, Shirley Jackson, the main character Mrs. Tessie Hutchinsonâ⠂¬â„¢s and the town folk are the main characters of this story. In â€Å"The Lottery† Shirley Jackson uses the use of characterization to portray the main ideas of the story. Shirley Jackson also uses the use of plot structure and the point of view in which the story is being told. The Lottery is a way toRead MoreThe Lottery Point of View Paper867 Words   |  4 PagesThe Lottery Point of View Shirley Jackson’s choice of point of view in â€Å"The Lottery† is that of being told in the third person. The story is told more by an observer’s point of view rather than that of a participant. In â€Å"The Lottery† she illustrates how what is being done to the family members, of people in the village, is an act of pointless bloodshed. It isn’t clear as to why they carry on with the ancient rite but what is clear is that the people in the village are obedient to the past law andRead MoreThe Lottery By Shirley Jackson931 Words   |  4 PagesIn 1948 Shirley Jackson composed the controversial short story â€Å"The Lottery.† Generally speaking, a title such as â€Å"The Lottery† is usually affiliated with an optimistic outlook. However, Jackson’s approach is quite unorthodox and will surely leave readers contemplating the intent of her content. The story exposes a crude, senseless lottery system in which random villagers are mur dered amongst their peers. Essentially, the lottery system counteracts as a form of population control, but negatives easilyRead MoreThe Lottery, And Kurt Vonnegut Jr.1203 Words   |  5 Pagesadhere firmly to the viewpoint of a specific character or characters. Shirley Jackson’s â€Å"The Lottery† and Kurt Vonnegut Jr.’s â€Å"Harrison Bergeron† are two good examples of third-person point of view stories. These two stories give the authors the liberty to influence their content and theme across to readers using third-person narration without being biased. The third-person point of view in Shirley Jackson’s The Lottery demonstrates a remarkably unbiased narrator. The storyteller does notRead MoreThe Lottery, by Shirley Jackson792 Words   |  4 PagesDramatic point of view contributes to tone and idea in the â€Å"The Lottery† In Shirley Jackson’s short story, â€Å"The Lottery† the use of the third-person dramatic point of view allow the readers to visualize themselves in a typical village spying on an annual lottery. However, in actuality they are about to realize that the subdued and ordinary townspeople have traditions that are much more sacred than a human life. Throughout the story, the third-person dramatic point of view contributes to the toneRead MoreEssay about The Lottery534 Words   |  3 Pages Shirley Jacksons, The Lottery, has raised questions in the back of every readers mind towards the destructive yet blind rituals of mankind. A reflection of ourselves is what we see when looking through the pond of Jacksons mind. The Lottery clearly expressed Jacksons feelings concerning traditional rituals through her story, opened the eyes of its readers to properly classify and question some of todays traditions as cruel, and allowed room to foretell the outcome of these unusual traditionsRead MoreAbstract the Lottery by Shirley Jackson2321 Words   |  10 Pages Abstract for â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson Although Shirley Jackson’s short story â€Å"The Lottery† is widely read, it has received little critical review in the decades since it was published. This analysis of the text illuminates Jackson’s intertwining of the story’s theme, point of view and language. One finds that each of these three an integral part depends on the other. One must examine Jackson’s linguistic techniques in order to understand how the point of view is so effective in constructingRead MoreThe Lottery : Dissecting Sociological Horrors Essay1551 Words   |  7 Pages The Lottery: Dissecting Sociological Horrors When you hear the word â€Å"lottery†, what do you think? In Shirley Jackson’s The Lottery, readers are presented with an ironic, dramatic, bleak tale about a small village gathering for not exactly what one would call a lottery. Born in San Francisco, California in 1916, Jackson spent much of her early life writing poetry and journal entries. After enrolling in the University of Rochester, she eventually withdrew to pursue her dreams of becoming a writer

Anxiety Disordersâ€Such As Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder,

Anxiety disorders—such as post-traumatic stress disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and phobias—are amongst the most prevalent psychological disorders in the United States. Because of this, there is a definite need for a variety of effective treatments for such disorders. Behavioral therapy has made many innovative contributions to treat anxiety disorders in the past several decades. Generally, the two main classes of behavioral therapies that treat anxiety disorders are brief/graduated, and prolonged/intense exposure therapy. These types of behavior therapies are separated based on distinct characteristics. With that being said, it is possible to use a therapy that takes from both brief/graduated, and prolonged/intense exposure†¦show more content†¦Systematic desensitization is a brief/graduated method of exposure therapy that gets patients to become increasingly more exposed to an anxiety-evoking stimulus or situation, while engaging in a competing behavi or. This therapy had three primary steps. First, the patient is taught a competing response, then events that cause the anxiety are listed in a hierarchy, then the patient is instructed to imagine each anxiety-evoking event while simultaneously engaging in the competing behavior. With that being said, making a list of anxiety-evoking situations or stimuli is called anxiety hierarchy construction. Each hierarchy is to have a general theme and each situation is to be listed from least to most anxiety-evoking. One of the most effective competing responses is progressive relaxation, or skeletal muscle relaxation. Progressive relaxation is generally a guided process of focusing on specific muscle groups and relaxing them one group at a time until one’s whole body is relaxed. Progressive relaxation can be done alone or with the guidance of a therapist. There are two types of progressive relaxation that are used in exposure therapy: tension and relaxation, and relaxation only. Both the tension and relaxation as well as the relaxation only method are carried out by taking deep breaths and focusing on one muscle group, of the 16 groups, at a time. The only distinction between the two types is thatShow MoreRelatedAnxiety Disorder And Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Essay1807 Words   |  8 PagesAnxiety is a general term for several disorders that causes nervousness, fear, apprehension, and worrying. These disorders affect how we behave and feel, and they can manifest in real physical symp toms (Costa). There are different types of ways anxiety manifests itself, it mainly depends on the situation the average person is put under, even though at times there does not have to be a situation going on for someone to feel anxious. There are three major types of anxiety, generalized anxiety disorderRead MoreAnxiety Disorders: Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Relating to Rape941 Words   |  4 PagesAnxiety disorders are considered an axis one disorder, There are five types of anxiety disorders, general anxiety disorder, anxiety disorder, and panic disorders, phobic disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Post-traumatic stress disorder is defined by; An anxiety disorder that develops through exposure for a traumatic event, severely oppressive situations, severe abuse, and natural and unnatural disasters. The symptoms of PTSD are usually the following:Read MorePost-traumatic stress disorder is defined as an anxiety disorder that follows a traumatic event1000 Words   |  4 PagesPost-traumatic stress disorder is defined as an anxiety disorder that follows a traumatic event where the following two things were present: first, â€Å"the person experienced, witnessed, or was confronted with an event or events that involved actual or threatened death or serious injury, or a threat to the physical integrity of self or others (ESTSS, 2014); second, â€Å"the persons response involved intense fear, helplessness, or horror (ESTSS, 2014).† The diagnosis of PTSD was entered into the DSM inRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1519 Words   |  7 PagesPost-Traumatic Stress Disorder It is common for individuals who have gone through a traumatic experience to feel many types of emotions, to include distress, fear, helplessness, guilt, shame or anger. The individual may begin to feel better after just a few days or weeks, but sometimes these feelings don’t go away. If the symptoms last for more than a month, they may be experiencing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder or PTSD and should seek professional help. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, once knownRead MoreThe Consequences of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder1621 Words   |  6 Pages Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a medical condition that many people suffer from at different ages. Most of the people that have suffered from PTSD have done so due to a major trauma that occurred at some point in their life. Even though the trauma could have happened months or even years earlier, the symptoms can come back when an event or the anniversary of the trauma triggers the memory of the traumatic event. So me of the traumas that cause post-traumatic stress disorder are rapeRead MoreClassifications for Anxiety Disorders Essay579 Words   |  3 PagesAre you or do you know someone, experiencing panic attacks or anxiety attacks? If so, it is important to be familiar with what these terms mean. Individuals frequently use panic and anxiety together, however; there are significant differences in the two and understanding the difference will make it easier to comprehend the relationship. Phobias are irrational fears that create interference within an individual’s daily routine. There are individuals who suffer from a phobia linked to pretty muchRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Generalized Anxiety Disorder824 Words   |  4 Pages Anxiety/OCD/PTSD Disorders Generalized Anxiety Disorder PTSD When it comes to generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) though they differ in each diagnosis, they also can share a unique bond with each other. Both diagnoses can co-occur among patients. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-V), post-traumatic stress disorder is a mental health condition that s triggeredRead MoreEssay about Post Traumatic Stress Disorder939 Words   |  4 Pagesbeen hearing about a disorder that is seemingly new. This disorder is known as post traumatic stress. We hear on the news that a veteran had hurt his or her family and this disorder was the cause. We have seen the countless reports of the number of divorces that are cause by post traumatic stress. Just by reading the reports and watching the news one can conclude that this is a disorder that is cause by war. PTSD is not a diagnosis solely held by war veterans. It is a disorder can affect anyone andRead MoreSupport Syst em For Post Traumatic Stress Disorder1549 Words   |  7 PagesSystem to Post Traumatic Stress disorder Patient in U. S. Debora Anderson Augusta Technical College Running head: SUPPORT SYSTEM TO POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER PATIENT IN U. S. Debora Anderson Support System to Post Traumatic Stress disorder Patients in America Post-traumatic stress syndrome is an anxiety disorder that differs from other disorders due to its origin, or traumatic event. The severity, duration, and proximity to the event are some risk factors of the disorder. Post-traumaticRead More Reliving the Nightmare: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Essay1172 Words   |  5 PagesReliving the Nightmare: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder After the terrorist attacks on September 11th, horrific images of the towers collapsing, survivors fleeing, and the rescue and recovery efforts inundated television viewers. In the weeks following the attacks, numerous news accounts reported increasing general anxiety among Americans, with many individuals reporting sleep difficulties and trouble concentrating. Additionally, much attention focused on the effects on those who directly witnessed

What Extent Can Racism Be Prevented in Society Free Essays

To what extent do you think racism can be prevented in society? Racism has long been a critical issue in our society and while many measures have been taken to prevent racism, it is a controversial issue as to whether racism can really be eliminated. Many are confident that racism can be prevented, while others are not as convinced. Hence, my topic for this essay is to discuss the extent to which racism can be prevented. We will write a custom essay sample on What Extent Can Racism Be Prevented in Society or any similar topic only for you Order Now Perception is the ability to see, hear, or become aware of something through our senses. It’s a way of regarding, understanding and interpreting something. However while perception is an unavoidable part of our life, it has also been said to encourage racism. It is said to encourage racism through two aspects; visual and auditory perception. Firstly, visual perception is our ability to see while auditory perception is our ability to hear. Both are natural abilities that we are born with and we use them on a daily basis but yet, it can be a dangerous tool. For example, when people see a â€Å"black† person, they may immediately respond by thinking that they are inferior, because society has influenced them to think that way. Similarly, when people hear someone with an African accent, that person can be subjected to racism because we have been influenced to think that Africans are an inferior race. In both cases, visual and auditory perception has aided in us to be racist! Another issue is that to stop racism, we first must identify what is classified to be racist and what isn’t but how do we even begin to measure the severity of racist comments? For example, in the article, John Terry was accused for racist abuse against Ferdinand. While many believes that Terry is guilty of being racist, there also others that argues that Terry did not mean what he said as an insult but rather as a challenge to what he believed had been said to him. The chief magistrate believed that Terry was only repeating the words that he believed Ferdinand had accused him of saying. How do we judge what is considered to be racist and what isn’t? How do we begin to measure what is a â€Å"severe† racist comment and what can be let off? If someone only said racist comments to defend themselves because another erson is attacking them verbally, should they be let off? Lastly, who has the â€Å"power† to decide whether something is classified as racist or not? However, on another note, there is a number of ways that racism can be eliminated in our society. A lot of measures have been taken to prevent racism and many campaigns and petitions have been set up to challenge racism. This has resulted in increased awareness on th e important issue of racism and society has really opened their eyes and started to think before they speak. Many people have become more careful when choosing their words to ensure that they do not offend anyone. Racist comments are so regarded with contempt that people who engage in racism are often criticized severely by society and these people can even be imprisoned. Thus, this measure has also resulted in a decrease in racist cases in our society. However, in my opinion, while racist cases have decreased dramatically, I do not think that racism can ever be eliminated completely in society. Firstly, even though people who engage in racism can be imprisoned, this does not necessarily stop people from engaging in racism when they are alone or when they are with their close friends who share the same views as them. Furthermore, children who grow up in families that engage in racism will influence them to think that racism is okay and it is extremely difficult to change their way of thinking as its our word against their family’s. Due to the increased advancement of technology, it is also very easy for people to post racist comments anonymously, resulting in a whole new way of engaging in racism that is difficult to stop. Thus, I do not believe that racism can be eliminated entirely, but I do believe that racism is a very serious issue and we should all play a part to try and decrease the number of racist cases in society. We should always do what we want others to do unto us, and I am sure that none of us would want to be judged based on our race. Most importantly, we should all play our individual role and to think twice before we speak and to understand that our tongue is a sharp tool, and what we say can affect someone’s life in ways that we do not understand. How to cite What Extent Can Racism Be Prevented in Society, Papers

Nanoparticles Come A Long Way Benefitting - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Nanoparticles Come A Long Way Benefitting? Answer: Introduction Nanoparticles have come a long way in benefitting humans after the initiation of its application in the field of food technology. Particles of different size and materials are widely being used for their properties to in food technology with respect to predetermined set goals like shelf-life, flavour, taste, appearance and preferences of consumers. Continual research is being carried out to understand completely the concerns related to such use of particles along with the benefits provided with them (Kumar, 2015). Taking this opportunity to inform the public on the advanced role of particles in food technology, an informative piece would be presented on the usefulness and concerns related to the latest development of the use of nanoparticles such as calcium and zinc in the packaging of food. The paper would provide a concise introduction to the topic and a summative analysis of the science and technology behind the process. It would also highlight the bottleneck of the process and an y safety and the environmental issue raised. Background and significance Speaking in general terms, nanomaterials used in packaging of foods consider the use of nanofilms that act as barriers to the prevention of spoilage of food and oxygen absorption. The common packaging in which nanomaterials are used as carrying bags, sandwich bags and aluminium foils. Active food packaging permits a ready interaction between food and packaging material, preventing antimicrobial growth. Nanoparticles such as zinc, silver and calcium are now being used as antimicrobial agents for the prevention of microbial spoilage of food. These particles are commonly being incorporated as edible film integrated with oregano oil or cinnamon oil in the food packaging. Antimicrobial activity of ZnO powder coated PVC film when examined under different conditions have been proved to be effective for different organisms. With the respect of food pathogens, the success achieved is considerably impressive as the electrostatic interaction between bacterial cell surface and nanoparticles inhi bits optimally the growth of pathogens (Bumbudsanpharoke et al., 2015). Echegoyen and Nern (2013) in their research point out that studies on the effect of ZnO NPs concerning E. Coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Aspergillus niger indicate high antimicrobial and antifungal properties. Science and technology behind the process Carbone et al., (2016) highlight that metal ions have been discovered to be used as nanoparticles that are incorporated into diverse polymer systems in food packaging. Nano technology is depending on the incorporation of multiple organic as well as inorganic nanoparticles into polymer matrix so that improvement of material properties is achieved. The highly achieved antimicrobial activity of such ions when they are on nano dimension can be applied to a wide range of microorganisms. The mostly used nanoparticle is silver ions whose antimicrobial activity was been much appreciated. Other nanoparticles include Ag/Chitosan, SiO2, ZnO and nanoclay. Chitosan which is a form of polysaccharide has an antimicrobial agent against microorganisms including that are both Gram-positive and Gram-negative. The researchers analysed the impact of silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial agents along with that of chitosan in a composite structure with polylactic acid. The process involves surface modifica tion brought about in the polymer matrix for activation of antimicrobial components. The system forms a noteworthy example of synergetic approach where the idea is to achieve improvement in material properties through the influence of two materials and come up with packaging solutions. Silver nanoparticles when injected into Agar banana powder lead to important antimicrobial activity against microbes such as Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. The other advantages are water barrier properties, augmented UV light absorption and enhanced antioxidant properties. Nanosized metal oxides have also been reported to act as antimicrobial agents when these are included in a polymer matrix (Radusin et al., 2016). Speaking precisely, ZnO is a good antimicrobial agent apart from improving the thermal property of polymers. Some of the microbes against which these are effective are Bacillus subtilis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and L. monocytogenes. Nanoclay, in modified forms, is a nanparticle bringing about improvement in properties of materials. They can be made to disperse in matrices of diverse properties owing to their high swelling and water absorption capacity. Nanoparticles of curcumin are also antimicrobial in property and aggregation can be avoided while using these when powder form is used. Such particles are water soluble though the antimicrobial property is more than that of powder. They also reduce gram-positive bacteria as compared to gram-negative bacteria. The particles used are commonly 10 to 20 nm in size. Though bigger particles are also used, the maximum size is 100 nm (Rosi et al., 2017). Current concern of the process The concerns related to the application of nanoparticles is also to be mentioned in this context. Ntim and Noonan (2017) point out that though silver nanoparticles decrease the presence of microbial agents, the mechanical properties might be decreased. In addition, the migration of the particles to the food has been time and again researched on. Other concerns include separation of the nanoparticles from materials used for packaging and impact of resuing of the materials on environment and humans. Alhendi and Choudhary (2013) in this regard that particles migrating into the food and consumed by humans can lead to health complications. Inhalation of the particles is also a concern since these are very small in size and penetration into the lungs and bloodstream is possible. Toxicity is also probable when the nanoparticles engage in a reaction with oxygen, leading to an increase in oxidative stress. It is expected that a backlash would come from the high scale use of nanoparticles in t he food industry. One eminent factor is that nanoparticles pose certain risks that are not posed by particles of bigger size. Fears are inevitable when such particles are used with a coating that is edible. Customers will be satisfied if the particles are found only in packaging and not in the food that might bring about changes in the body system. The emergence of nanotechnology has created new demands on the area of legislation. It is evident that there is a limitation in the extent of adoption of advanced nanotechnology among the food industry. The reasons for the same are limited acceptance from the consumers side and safety issues. There is a lack of published results on studies that highlight the accurate impact on the human body of nanoparticles (Pulizzi, 2016). Conclusion Coming to the end of this paper it is to be mentioned that particles, when used in diverse ways, have the potential to influence how food products are manufactured and processed at present. The antimicrobial systems have been found to be effective due to their high surface-to-volume ratio combined with the surface reactivity of antimicrobial agents. Microorganisms are inactivated in a more effective manner than the micro-scale features. Products can be exploited while formulating healthcare, personal and industrial applications. Functionalization and wide-scale implementation of the same needs rigorous analysis of the risks associated with these processes. References Alhendi, A., Choudhary, R. (2013). Current Practices in Bread Packaging and Possibility of Improving Bread Shelf-life by Nano-technology.INT J Food SCI Nutr,3, 55-60. Bumbudsanpharoke, N., Choi, J., Ko, S. (2015). Applications of nanomaterials in food packaging.Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology,15(9), 6357-6372. Carbone, M., Donia, D. T., Sabbatella, G., Antiochia, R. (2016). Silver nanoparticles in polymeric matrices for fresh food packaging.Journal of King Saud University-Science,28(4), 273-279. Echegoyen, Y., Nern, C. (2013). Nanoparticle release from nano-silver antimicrobial food containers.Food and Chemical Toxicology,62, 16-22. Kumar, L. Y. (2015). Role and adverse effects of nanomaterials in food technology.Journal of Toxicology and Health,2(1), 2. Ntim, S. A., Noonan, G. O. (2017). Nanotechnology in Food Packaging. InNanotechnologies in Food(pp. 118-142). Pulizzi, F. (2016). Nanotechnology and food: What people think.Nature Nanotechnology. Radusin, T. I., Risti?, I. S., Pili?, B. M., Novakovi?, A. R. (2016). Antimicrobial nanomaterials for food packaging applications.Food and Feed Research,43(2), 119-126. Rossi, M., Passeri, D., Sinibaldi, A., Angjellari, M., Tamburri, E., Sorbo, A., ... Dini, L. (2017). Chapter Five-Nanotechnology for Food Packaging and Food Quality Assessment.Advances in Food and Nutrition Research,82, 149-204.

Computer Ethics Essays - Professional Ethics, Social Philosophy

Computer Ethics Abstract The computer is considered one of the most technological advances of the twentieth century. As the general public becomes increasingly ?computer literate,' the gap between technology and peoples' intellect notably shrinks. The readily available computers, software, and assorted output devices have enlightened many but, in turn, have increased the using of computers for unethical activities, privacy invasion and illegal purposes. Legal sanctions against abusive use of computers are a reactive approach. A proactive approach is to teach students about computer ethics in classrooms. An effective teaching method are the presentation of ethical scenarios. It is anticipated that through this method, students will personalize the need for developing ethical standards of behavior. The ultimate goal is for students, if necessary, to change their set of personal beliefs to include ethics. INTRODUCTION The computer is considered one of the most important technological advances of the twentieth century. Security and privacy issues have been in existence long before the computer became a vital component of organizations' operations. Nevertheless, the operating features of a computer make it a double-edged sword. Computer technologies with reliable error detection and recording capabilities, permit the invasion of a supposedly secure environment to occur on a grand scale and go undetected. Furthermore, computer and communications technology permit the invasion of a persons' privacy and likewise go undetected. Two forces threaten privacy: one, the growth of information technology with its enhanced capacity for surveillance, communication, computation, storage and retrieval and two, the more insidious threat, the increased value of information in decision making. Information has become more vital in the competitive environment, thus, decision makers covet it even if it viol! ates another's privacy. Violation of ones personal privacy, via computers, may in part be due to the incomplete understanding of responsibility on the part of those involved. Is it a management or a technical concern? Ethical standards that evolved over the history of Western civilization deal with interpersonal relationships. What is right or wrong? What one should do and not do when dealing with other people. Ethical behavior in a business environment has not been as clearly defined. When businesses were small and the property of a few individuals, traditional ethical standards were applied to meet different situations. However, as businesses became larger, the interpersonal ethical relations did not provide any clear behavioral guidelines. Likewise, the principles of ethical relationships were even less pertinent to the corporate environments. Recently, there has been an increased interest in ethical standards for computer professionals using computers. This concern is heightened by the current focus on the ?people side' of computer security. Is it a violation of copyright laws to copy software? Is this as serious as ?stealing' data or illegally infiltrating and viewing data in a computer database? NEEDS ASSESSMENT As the general public becomes increasingly ?computer literate', the gap between technology and people's intellect noticeably shrinks. Computer systems are no longer composed of one large, simple, straightforward batch-oriented computer. They are now integrated real-time query-based currently available computers, software, and assorted output devices have enlightened many. The danger is now more apparent that computer abuse will soon increase dramatically if it is not curtailed by legal sanctions and if people do not adapt some code of ethic. Sometimes people employ ethics when it is convenient and to their advantage. At other times they set any ethical standards aside by rationalizing that there is a greater good that should be considered. Unfortunately ethical behavior is not part of the law of nature, but part of a person's set of beliefs and behavior. An important aspect of computer users' ethical abuse includes the privacy question. Why exactly is a person's privacy important? There is no simple answer to this question, as long as people have concerns and commitments that may be harmed by personal disclosures. 1. There are several reasons why medical records should be kept private, having to do with the consequences to individuals that facts concerning them becoming public knowledge. The average patient does not realize the importance of the confidentiality of medical records. Passing out information on venereal disease can wreck a marriage. Revealing a pattern of alcoholism or drug abuse can result in a person losing his job or make it impossible for the person to obtain insurance protection. 2.

Free Essays on The Awakening Reaction

My Reaction to The Awakening Honestly, I felt kind of stifled throughout the whole book. I always felt as if Edna was on the verge of something great but could never quite get there. It’s as if she kept taking me two steps forward and then one step backward, starting with her first experience of being able to go out into the water and swim on her own. This was a pivotal point in the story. She realizes how it easy it is and then admonishes herself for all the time she had wasted before, â€Å"splashing about like a baby!† (Chopin,Ch X) Then when she turns around and looks toward shore, the distance she’d just traveled now seems like a great feat she might not be able to overcome on the way back. Later that night when she first defies her husband by staying out in the hammock, I thought, â€Å"Ok, she’s standing up for herself.† And she does but only to a certain extent because she tires and ends up going back to bed before her husband, who stays up finishing his cigar. I realize that Edna’s awakening is a process and that it’s not one to come all at once, but yet I still feel like Chopin, although posing a controversial subject in this book, was still holding back. Throughout the whole novel it’s like that. Edna steps forward and then backwards. She falls for Robert but doesn’t fully realize it until he leaves for Mexico. When she’s back in New Orleans she stops receiving visitors and then moves out. But yet when her father arrives she takes him to Adele’s and enjoys making sure he’s having a good time, or so it seems. When Edna tells Mademoiselle Reisz her reason for moving into the pigeon house, she says it’s because she’s tired of looking after the big house. Mademoiselle Reisz has to get Edna to admit her real reason is because she wants to be independent. Edna can’t even begin to really open herself fully, not even to Mademoiselle Reisz. It seems like Edna is trapped in this never-ending quest for fre... Free Essays on The Awakening Reaction Free Essays on The Awakening Reaction My Reaction to The Awakening Honestly, I felt kind of stifled throughout the whole book. I always felt as if Edna was on the verge of something great but could never quite get there. It’s as if she kept taking me two steps forward and then one step backward, starting with her first experience of being able to go out into the water and swim on her own. This was a pivotal point in the story. She realizes how it easy it is and then admonishes herself for all the time she had wasted before, â€Å"splashing about like a baby!† (Chopin,Ch X) Then when she turns around and looks toward shore, the distance she’d just traveled now seems like a great feat she might not be able to overcome on the way back. Later that night when she first defies her husband by staying out in the hammock, I thought, â€Å"Ok, she’s standing up for herself.† And she does but only to a certain extent because she tires and ends up going back to bed before her husband, who stays up finishing his cigar. I realize that Edna’s awakening is a process and that it’s not one to come all at once, but yet I still feel like Chopin, although posing a controversial subject in this book, was still holding back. Throughout the whole novel it’s like that. Edna steps forward and then backwards. She falls for Robert but doesn’t fully realize it until he leaves for Mexico. When she’s back in New Orleans she stops receiving visitors and then moves out. But yet when her father arrives she takes him to Adele’s and enjoys making sure he’s having a good time, or so it seems. When Edna tells Mademoiselle Reisz her reason for moving into the pigeon house, she says it’s because she’s tired of looking after the big house. Mademoiselle Reisz has to get Edna to admit her real reason is because she wants to be independent. Edna can’t even begin to really open herself fully, not even to Mademoiselle Reisz. It seems like Edna is trapped in this never-ending quest for fre...

Intercultural communication( this is the course I'm studying, not the Assignment - 3

Intercultural communication( this is the course I'm studying, not the topic) - Assignment Example These include eye contact, tone, and nodding. Compared to juror number 3, who uses a confrontational tone, this juror is emotional and touching in his speech. This appears to be a necessary part of his struggle to express himself and have the courtroom to better understand the accused. Juror 3 and 11 seem to be the opposites of each other (Reilly and Stooksbury 37). I think that classmate one has provided an accurate depiction of juror number 3, and helped to reaffirm my argument that he exhibits a striking contrast with juror 11. I believe that the experiences and personalities of all jurors are manifested in their behavior in the courtroom. The case has presented them with an opportunity to characterize the accused based on what they feel and think (Niemiec and Wedding 19). I also agree with classmate 2 on his description of juror number 8, although I think that he left out critical points like the juror’s background that defines his

Private Life Should Mean What It Says Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Private Life Should Mean What It Says - Essay Example It was therefore not considered to be offensive. Later in October of 1999 when he was asked to declare the organizations with which he was associate, among them he listed the House of Roissy, which did such activities as fire acts and the merchandising of products that were connected with domination bondage and sadomasochism. It was also his acknowledgement that he performed in fetish and hedonist clubs but contended that such would not bring his employers to disrepute. The Assistant Chief of Probation considered this activity as unsuitable for a probation officer. The Human Resource Officer had no issue with the fact that the employee had another paid job outside his normal employment but whether or not, given that he was a public servant and a member of the criminal justices system, working with sexual offenders and several other groups that were considered vulnerable, the employees activities during his private time were commensurate with the role that he was playing in the societ y and if the public could trust him. This is despite the fact that they had not been offended by his performance but rather by the fact that he was expressing himself in a way that would otherwise be considered offensive by the victims of the people he was dealing with. The employee was dismissed and his dismissal was upheld when he appealed. It was the view of both disciplinary panels that the probation service had the responsibility to the public to show them that it had integrity and so did its officers and that if the public knew the activities that this particular employee was engaged in, it could ruin the reputation of the service. This is based on the fact that probation in itself was aimed at reforming the people in the society who were now considered a... This report stresses that the law of unfair dismissal is a part of private and not public law. So are many regulations that government employment, in both public and private sector. While there are regulations that may be in the interest of the public, private remains exactly that, private. There are many principles of public law that have been imported into the regulations that govern the relationship between an employee and his employer because of the rules of natural justice. This is mostly because these two share several common and essential features especially in the review of decisions and the manner in which such decisions are made and reached. This paper makes a conclusion that given the inevitable compromise and balance between work life and private life and the commitments involved in both particularly in matters relation to family issues, it is necessary to strike a balance between what is significant to the reputation of the employers or the duties of an employee and what is not. The reality of the circumstance that surrounds every case has to be considered. What should also be reviewed are the terms and conditions of employment, be they express or implied. This is because letting employers determine what affects their reputation or firm would amount to giving them permission to arbitrarily termination employment contracts on the basis of factors which they consider to be in contravention of the terms of their employment while it is possible they are just negatively stereotyped towards certain activities or beliefs of the employee.

Components of Interpersonal Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Components of Interpersonal Communication - Essay Example Verbal skill is important for establishing relationship (Key, 1980). According to Key, in a hunting society relationship is based on one’s ability to hunt but in a technological society verbal skills replace hunting skills. This only implies that interpersonal communication has also evolved over time. It is clear that the environment and human experience change the course of interpersonal communication which is evident on how the verbal skill has become so important in establishing relationship in contemporary society. Message has to be spoken clearly in order to understand it. A preacher for instance has to read the passage in the Bible, but it is not enough. He has to elaborately discuss it in detail based on his meditation. It is the only way in which a certain passage from the Bible can be clearly understood by the people. Thus, a preacher is required to have excellent verbal skills in order to convey the message or information successfully. People are expecting something more from him and that is to be able to gain insights. One way a preacher can be able to address the spiritual needs of the people is through effective communication through excellent verbal skills as anointed by God. On the other hand it is not only enough to focus on verbal skills in order to effectively communicate, but there are also non verbal skills that need to be taken into account. The American culture for instance values handshake as important part of being polite and meaning business at some point. The Japanese culture places more emphasis on body bow as an act of politeness and loyalty. Body gestures therefore are integral parts of communication process because they convey specific meanings or symbols. There are different cultures around the world which means there are different non verbal communications that need to be clearly defined and they are categorized as technical,

The Change Integrated Resorts Industry Tourism Essay

The Change Integrated Resorts Industry Tourism Essay To find out the change that has been created by integrated resorts like Marina Bay Sands and Resort World Sentosa on Singapore from a tourism perspective To analyse the change created by integrated resorts like Marina Bay Sands and Resort World Sentosa on the Singapore economy To investigate how Integrated Resorts help Singapore compete as a brand with other countries To understand how in a short span of time since its opening has Marina Bay Sands become the face of Singapore. To analyse the challenges that Integrated resorts are providing to conventional hotels. HYPOTHESIS NULL HYPOTHESIS The entry of integrated resorts has created no impact on the Singapore hospitality industry. ALTERNATE HYPOTHESIS The entry of integrated resorts has created an impact on the Singapore hospitality industry. BACKGROUND OF THE PROPOSED RESEARCH BRIEF INTRODUCTION Any country that is emphasising on tourism has to focus till a great extent on hospitality and on hotels per say. The world hotel scenario has been changing rapidly and the countries are now starting to develop a competitive spirit so as to create a higher brand name for themselves as compared to other countries. In Singapore itself the hotel industry has a market size of US $ 4,047.9 mn. Now with the rise in global trends for both gaming and tourism the two industries have merged together and come out as one unit. This unit known as integrated resorts are holding on to the interest of many investors. Countries across the globe are investing in these projects. In the Asian market, integrated resorts have already entered areas like Hong-Kong, Macau, Thailand, Bali, Singapore, Vietnam etc. Singapore and all the other countries are in strong competition with cities like Macau which currently holds the maximum number of integrated gaming resorts. Singapore however is lagging behind with only two integrated resorts and is on par with Vietnam but behind major players like Macau, Cambodia and South Korea. In the year 2010 Singapore came up with two of its integrated resorts which were expected to create a change in the market scenario for Singapore in the future. These resorts were Marina Bay Sands and Resort World Sentosa. The reasons for them to come up with these resorts were as follows:- Since 1991 a change had been observed. Singapore which is a major tourist destination has seen a decline in tourist activities. Where on an average a tourist use to spend 4 days in Singapore before, it had now dropped down to 3days. While other major competitors had not seen the same fall. Like in the case of Hong-Kong that still showed an average of 4 days Other cities were growing their customer attractions like Kaula Lumpur got the Kaula Lumpur city center and Hong-Kong had Disneyland. The need to tap the rising middle class community in growing markets such as China and India. With growing levels of disposable income the global tourism rate had also seen a rise. Thus, the Singapore government decided to open two integrated resorts one at the bay sands area and one in Sentosa. For both these resorts they received a lot of bids. And finally the bids were narrowed down to Las Vegas Sands company for Marina Bay Sands and Genting group for Resort World Sentosa. Marina Bay Sands is a luxurious in all its aspects. It consists of 2600 hotel rooms, a four floor casino, a sky park consisting of infinity pool, gardens and spa and 250 meeting rooms which can accommodate upto 45,000 delegates. It also boasts of excellent restaurants and branded stores like Louis Vuitton to Chanel in their floating crystal pavilion. It also has a 200 seater theatre and an arts and science museum. On the other hand, the other integrated resort of Singapore- Resort World Sentosa is more family oriented. It comprises of six hotels- the festive hotel, hard rock hotel, Equarius hotel, Crockfords hotel, hotel Michael and spa villas. All these together make upto 1750 rooms. They also boast of 10 restaurants. It also has a spa, a water park, Universal studios and meeting rooms that can accommodate around 35,000 people. With both these resorts government hoped for an increase in investments and 0.3% to 1.8% increase in GDP by 2015. With this a rise in tourist activities was also expected. It was also expected to increase the job market in Singapore proving more employment opportunities. RATIONALE FOR THE CHOICE OF RESEARCH TOPIC The impact of integrated resorts after they have been opened to the tourists on Singapore has not been delved into extensively. The resorts have created a name for itself and become the recognition point for Singapore in a very short period of time. Marina Bay Sands has become the face of Singapore along with the Merlion and Singapore Flyer. Thus, we have chosen this topic as it has further scope of research. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK IDENTIFICATION OF KEY CONCEPTS The project extensively belongs to the hospitality industrys hotel sector. We have further narrowed this topic down to integrated resorts. The basic topic of research is integrated resorts and its impact on Singapore. The two integrated resorts present in Singapore- Marina Bay Sands and Resort World Sentosa, have created a name for itself. They have become major tourist destination and sight-seeing spots for both the localities as well as foreigners. These resorts have won awards and have become brand icon for Singapore. The factors that have caused them to create such a change in the hotel sector of Singapore is what we want to understand. Further we want to understand, in detail, the expectations that were levied on this resort and what they have been able to achieve. Thus the key concepts that are relevant to this research topic are:- Introduction of Marina Bay sands and facilities provided by it: Marina Bay Sands is one of the most exquisite hotels in Singapore and it is well renowned for the variety of facilities that it provides. From a hospitality perspective, these facilities tend to make the place a very compelling one from the perspective of tourists. Some of these facilities include but are not limited to the Sands Sky Park which is an awe inspiring place that seems like an absolute paradise in the sky. Then there are banyan tree spas, club facilities as well as its well-equipped fitness centre. The airports pick up and drop service is very convenient for local as well as international tourists. A variety of brands make shopping at Marina Bay Sands an experience in itself. Last but not the least is the light show called Wonder Full which is a nice addition to what is already a terrific experience overall. Introduction of Resort World and facilities provided by it Business centre A unique blend of style and innovation is what describes the Business centre at the Resort World. The Business centre provides the following amenities Corporate meetings Press Conference Product launches Inmate dinner parties Banquets Swimming world The free form pool along with beach bar concepts decorated along the lines with the swaying palms provides a top of the line amenity system top notching standards of ordinary swimming experience in hotels. Additional features like volleyball court, vibrant music, and different choices of drinks and cocktails just bring the icing with the cherry. Gym A 24hr gym with glass and mirrored wall brings a vibrant change in the feeling of the working out. State of the art equipments makes the feeling of gym as fun rather than a task. Rock shop For all the rock lovers, the hard rock hotel provides band t-shirts, souvenirs that people can take back home, caps and pins. Compass ballroom With a seating arrangement of 7300 people and 26 conference rooms, the compass ballroom below the underneath the Hard Rock hotel is diamonds worth in every way. For a hotel to allocate such large space only for entertainment of the customers truly states how integration has truly coming into Resort world group of hotels. Kids Club Business Executives are not just the traditional males anymore. More and more females have started occupying space at the top of the level in the pyramid. The task of handling kids and attending business meets have always been a challenge for female executives or single fathers. Gaming zone State of the art gaming zone for game lovers to enjoy and play latest single player games, simulator based games. Casino Something that attracts more customers and brings the highest revenue to a hotel is the casino. Resort world provides one of the best and the latest structure casino floors. As the belief goes a game does not drive the player to gamble its the ambience that pulls them towards the table. Hotel scenario in Singapore before and after the entry of integrated resorts: As stated earlier, the entry of integrated resorts had made a major difference to the tourist experience at Singapore. The concentrated efforts of the Singapore Tourism Board have added a completely new dimension to the industry as a whole. Where at first there used to be single hotels and tourism was stagnant, now there exists a boutique of experiences that have magnified the beauty of Singapore. This transformation can be well indicated by the fact that the Singapore hotel industry wasnt even affected remotely by the global economic crisis. Economic impact created by integrated resorts With the opening of the Integrated Resorts in the year 2010, the yearly tourist arrivals hit an all-time high of 11 Million, with even monthly arrivals from January to December recording record highs. As of now, the MBS casino sees at an average 25000 customers a day, with only a third of them comprising of locals. Singapore managed to rake in 18.8 Billion Dollars via tourism receipts in the year 2010, which was its highest collection in 10 years. This was a 49% increase from the previous forecasts, a stupendous rise indeed. These receipts included the tourist expenses in the admission, dining and shopping areas. There has been an increase in visitors especially from countries like China, Indonesia and India. To conclude, one may say that the arrival of tourists has greatly affected Singapore and increased its revenues greatly. 60,000 jobs have been created in the integrated resorts industry leading to a 1 to 1.5% increase of the gross domestic product. Creation of brand image and adding value to Singapore brand The tourism industry has become a brand in itself over the years, and has played a critical role in the development of Singapore. Integrated Resorts have played a major role in this process, as the variety of services that they provide add to making Singapore a huge attraction to tourists across the world. It has become a thriving cosmopolitan brand that influxes a variety of people hailing from a variety of cultures. Singapore is an enriching an unforgettable destination. As the Singapore Tourism Board puts it, Singapore has become an experience to call your own. Challenges they are providing to conventional hotels The term Integrated Resort has become popular since the Singaporean Government liberalized their casino licenses and indicated that they want more than just a casino. Singapore envisioned integrated resorts with facilities such as hotels, theatres, convention centres, theme parks, museums, retail, and food and beverage in addition to a casino (MacDonald Eadington, 2008). The goal was to attract visitors to come to Singapore not just for gambling but also for other leisure travel experiences. Hence integrated resorts such as Marina Bay Sands and Sentosa have brought about a revolutionary change bringing everything under one roof. This has posed a problem to the conventional hotels in Singapore as they have not been able to generate business because of these resorts as customers would prefer the resorts with everything under one roof. The integrated resorts pose a major problem to the 5 stars in the same price range as these hotels have world class facilities which have contributed to the Singapore Travel and Tourism Industry. This is one of the main reasons because of which not many deluxe hotels are existent especially in Singapore as they know they would not be able to compete to these resorts. Integrated Resorts have been adopted from the Resort concept in Las Vegas. Las Vegas Sands, the extremely renowned company based in Las Vegas has built the Marina Bay Sands, hence the architecture, the infinity pool and the sky park are the main attractions which has not only helped to increase the number of guests checking in but also the footfalls in the casino, the sky walk area making Singapore one of the attractive tourism spots. It is directly contributing to a large extent to the economy. Hence the conventional hotels are not only in danger in Singapore but across the world and have to put in efforts to compete with the integrated resorts tactfully. Technological innovations that have entered along with integrated resorts The technological innovations that have made their entry via integrated resorts have been at the heart of the development of Singapore. These innovations such as the introduction of fitness centres, clubs, casinos and restaurants to the conventional hotels have made a major difference. These facilities were very popular even when they were available standalone, but their presence all together has added to the experience as a whole. The tourists have been attracted and they have truly made Singapore their own. DEBATES RELEVANT TO THE TOPIC Through our literature review that we have undertaken, we came across several counter arguments against the concept of integrated resorts. Both these resorts have casinos in them and there were a group of people who were very worried about the implications that would come up. They believed that this could cause gambling addictions which in turn could ruin families. Further the presence of casinos could cause an increase in crime rates. thus to counter this the casino owners created a rule in which Singapore citizens have to pay $100 for entry into the casino while for every other customer it is free. This has helped them counter the problem of gambling addiction and did not even increase the crime rates till a great extent. Another argument that we came across was that with the entry of integrated resorts traditional hotels will lose its charm. And the authenticity of hotels will be lost. The purpose will change and the traditional beliefs will no longer hold true. They did not view it as a new era in the hotel business but as a negative change. COMPONENTS OF THE RESEARCH TOPIC AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP The components of this research topic that we have identified so far include: Number of tourists Length of stay of the tourists Political factors such as the relevant stability existent in the country Types of tourists Technological growth in the e-commerce sector Types of facilities available IDENTIFICATION OF LITERATURE TO BE REVIEWED The literature reviewed ranges from the time period of when the concept of integrated resorts was initialised and the factors that led to it to when it was being built and what was expected from it to the after effects of it. The literature review also comprises the global trends in hotel industry, the tourism statistics and some acts about integrated resorts in general. The review comprises of all these as they are apt with the research topic and help us gain insights as well as better our understanding. they will give us a base to conduct our further research and not do what has already been done. INITIAL DESIGN OF STRUCTURE The design of structure or the outline that we are going to follow while going ahead with our project is as follows Introduction to industry Introduction to integrated resorts Introduction to Marina Bay Sands Introduction to Resort World Sentosa Literature review Survey and questionnaire to tourist and citizens Personal interview with management of both the resorts Personal interview with industry experts Factor analysis and detailed study on factors Data compilation and analysis Regression analysis Hypothesis testing Conclusion IDENTIFICATION OF METHODOLOGY PURPOSE OF STUDY The project will initially be exploratory in nature with extensive review of literature and available data followed by certain amount of data collection. However, after which we will move towards descriptive research to get more conclusive results. This is because exploratory research will help us create a strong secondary research background and also help us understand the previously proven and explored data in this topic area.it will help us become more familiar with the area of interest and gain more knowledge on the same. It will help us understand the working of hospitality industry in Singapore which has a very unique working style and has created a name for itself with respect to tourism. As well understand the impact that the introduction of integrated resorts caused on this countrys economy and popularity. With the help of descriptive research we will be able to achieve definite conclusions on the impact that the integrated resorts has on the tourism of Singapore. Primary data collection will be undertaken here. This way we will be able to get factual data in order to provide proof for our conclusion. METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION The methods of data collection that we are using are:- COLLECTION OF SECONDARY DATA We are collecting secondary data from various sources which involve both libraries as well as online data bases such as EBSCO, Euromonitor and Google Scholar. We are going through previous research paper, published articles, academic articles etc. with the help of these we have been able to find trends in the hotel industry globally as well as in Singapore, We now have insights into how integrated resorts have impacted not only Singapore but the rest of the world as well. We have even been able to understand why Singapore decided to come up with the concept of integrated resorts and the various factors that were considered. We came across datas that showed us what was aimed to be achieved with the help of integrated resorts and what has been achieved as well. With further secondary data collection we hope to find deeper insights into our topic as well discover how Marina bay sands became the face of Singapore within such a short span of time. The advantages of this method are:- It will help us improve our understanding of the impact integrated resorts ad on Singapore It will help us gin insights into this topic It will help fill out all unnecessary gaps that will arise in our research It will provide us with a base to further our research on The disadvantages of this method will be:- It is a very extensive and time consuming work Data found is generally not very apt or relevant Data found can be outdated INTERVIEW METHOD With the help of following the interview method we are going to personally speak to some industry experts as well try to get in touch with the staff and management of the two integrated resorts of Singapore- Marina Bay Sands and Resort World Sentosa. We will also Interview a few customers staying at both these hotels, members of travel agencies as well as a few Singapore residents. With this we aim to get first hand information on the integrated resorts and Singapore. We will know what are the point of views of different people who are affected by the introduction of these resorts so as to gather a full proof analysis on the different impacts created positive as well as negative. The advantages of this method are:- Accuracy level increases Likely to get more response Opportunity to judge non-verbal communications as well Will be able to tap the spontaneous responses. The disadvantages are:- Cannot be undertaken for a large number of respondents Can turn out to be very expensive and time consuming There may be restrictions in terms of information revealing and responding from the respondents end QUESTIONNAIRES We are going to create questionnaires consisting of 10-15 questions that will be distributed amongst tourists and localities in order to gather their view point on the arrival of integrated resorts in Singapore and its impact on the country in order to find out how they view this change which has come up in the past 5 years. The advantages of this method are:- Large amount of data can be collected from a lot of people within a short span of time. Easily quantifiable results The validity and reliability is retained no matter who conducts it. The disadvantages are:- Can lead to the collection of a very large un-manageable amount of data. Honesty of the respondent cannot be determined A question has to be framed in such a way that it is not misinterpreted by others. PROCESS INVOLVED IN THE RESEARCH STEP 1 LITERATURE REVIEW The first step is going to be to review the literature that has been previously been conducted which is relevant to our topic and which both support and counter our hypothesis. We also want to review the literature that shows us the positive and negative impacts that integrated resorts have on the hospitality industry of Singapore. This has been discussed in more detail in the identification of literature to be reviewed section of this proposal. STEP 2 DATA COLLECTION The data for literature review is basically being sourced from National Library of Singapore, other libraries, EBSCO database and Google Scholar. At this step a base will be created for our project and will thus help us create a framework. After which we will be collecting data directly from sources by taking and interacting with individuals associated with entry of integrated resorts. Further we will also try to gather view points on how the entry has changed the face of hospitality in senses like amenities, technologies etc. we will also try to understand from these people what are the changes that have been taking place since the entry of integrated resorts. Then we will try to collect data from sources from industry specialist in order to get statistics, figures and numbers. STEP 3 SAMPLE SELECTION The primary focus for interview and questionnaires are going to be to the employees and management of the integrated resorts, industry experts and members of hospitality industry. However we even want to gather information from general public. This shall comprise of a) tourists and b) Singapore residents. Tourists the tourist will be selected in two parts, customers of the hotel and other tourists. The respondents in each category will be selected using the cluster method of sample where members with similar characteristics are grouped together. Singapore Residents the respondents will be selected with the help of cluster analysis. The minimum no of respondents that will be taken into consideration is 70. TIME SCALE December 2012- submission of literature review and review of atleast 20 articles Jan 2013 starting of field work and further literature review Feb 2013 compilation of interview and questionnaires March 2013 preparation of final document and covering objectives April 2013 presentation and defence of resear LIMITATIONS IN THE METHODOLOGY The limitations that are present in the methodology are:- Accessibility to the management of Marina Bay Sands and Resort World Sentosa. Accessibility to the industry experts Low knowledge of respondents Likelihood of low response rate Limited availability of literature review ETHICAL ISSUES Objectivity from the researchers perspective. The interviewer and researcher should not be bias about the respondent or the answers provided. Maintenance of integrity and confidentiality of the data provided by the management and industry experts. Respect for intellectual property right like patents and copyrights. DATA ANALYSIS METHODS USED There are a variety of methods that can be used in order to carry out a detailed data analysis of our proposed project: Regression modelling We can use this model in order to establish a relationship between a dependent and an independent variable. This model is being applied mainly due to the decline in the tourism industry in the years 2005 and 2006. To create this model, the dependent variable in this case will be the number of tourists entering Singapore in a particular year and the independent variables will be a variety of factors affecting these tourists such as the amenities provided, sightseeing locations, and cultural diversity. Hypothesis Testing The null and the alternate hypothesis have already been stated in the previous sections of this proposal. Hypothesis testing will help us determine whether the integrated resorts development has played a critical part in increasing the number of tourists in Singapore. Factor Analysis Factor analysis basically involves combining a variety of factors in order to shorten down the number of factors affecting the tourism industry in Singapore. The Regression analysis will help us analyse the relationship between these factors and the number of tourists, whereas the Factor Analysis will help us to identify these factors in the first place. The factors in this case will probably be limited to 5 or 6 in order to get a generalized viewpoint. The number of factors may be shortened down from as many as 30, which we will generate from our own knowledge, our primary as well as our secondary research. CONCLUSION We took up this project expecting to find a significant change in consumer behaviour and interest generated in Singapore as a tourist destination created by these two brands Marina Bay Sands and Resort World Sentosa. We believe the concept of an integrated resort will appeal more to the growing number of upper middle class masses in quickly growing economies like India, Singapore and many other Asian countries. While neighbouring cities like Macau, Vietnam, Hong Kong, Kuala Lumpur and Thailand have long since invested in contemporary tourist destinations, Singapore has consistently lost ground to these competitors due to lack of innovation in the tourism industry. We believe these two integrated resort projects will put Singapore back on a level playing field with its competing tourist destinations and we hope to prove that through this project. Additionally, we also believe the collaboration between the hospitality and gaming sector will have a major impact on the citys economy. The resorts are likely to open up several new auxiliary industries and benefit the country in several indirect ways. We hope to prove how these integrated projects will create several new employment options and also allow the locals to develop a certain degree of specialized skill set which will make their value grow in the global market. This in turn is expected to increase the national GDP as more employment will eventually lead to a higher per-capita income which in turn will raise the standard of living amidst the locals and increase the sense of belonging and create a better lifestyle. We also believe that this collaboration between the gaming (Casino, Universal, etc.) and the hospitality industry will lead to an increased level of interest from a wider category of tourists. While so far Singapore was known more for its shopping avenues and tourist spots like Orchard road and Bugis street, people will also start perceiving the city as a gaming destination.

Cultural Competency in the Workplace Essay -- Managing Racial Diversity

Today’s management in the workforce is composed of all types of people verses thirty years ago when white males held a majority of upper-management positions in companies. These positions are now held by a mixture of ethnic back grounds and women who hold just as many if not more management positions then men. Just by looking at the changes in management demographics shows how important it is for people to understand cultural competency in the workplace. Dr. Roosevelt Thomas Jr. (1999) stated, â€Å"Diversity is the collective mixture of whomever we have in our workforce characterized by their differences and similarities† (p.11). Managers and supervisors must understand the characteristics of a diversity mature individual; they also need to be able to articulate the differences between affirmative action, managing diversity, understanding and valuing diversity to build skills that transforms awareness into productive and supportive workplace behaviors.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many different characteristics of a diversity mature individual. The most important characteristic is when a person accepts diversity management responsibility. The person will need to understand the different types of ethnic backgrounds in the organization, and the different types of techniques he or she will have to use to motivate the staff. He or she will also understand how to treat everyone equal no matter what gender, or ethnic background the employee may be.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Diversity mature individuals must demonstrate contextual knowledge. This knowledge is showed by understanding his or her personal objectives. The individual must know what he or she plans to accomplish before working with others to help develop their personal goals. Also by knowing the organizational objectives, the individual can develop a team to strive towards the bottom line of the organizational goals. Finally, the individual must be able to provide conceptual clarity to the team. This clarity will help the team understand how and why these ideas were created. The one thing a manager does not want is for the team to think everything is just busy work and not for a specific purpose.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Other characteristics of a diversity mature individual include a person who challenges conventional wisdom, and engages in continuous learning. When a person challe... ...tes is known as the melting pot of the world. This country is the home of many different cultures from many different areas. Cultural competency in the workplace is an issue that everyone needs to understand. By understanding the characteristics of a diversity mature individual, employees can focus on developing themselves to hold a management position in the future, and be able to relate to other cultures in the organization. Companies continue educate their staff on affirmative action, and what it takes to manage a diverse group. These companies want to supportive workplace behaviors in the organization to help achieve the bottom line, increase stockholder value. References Cox, T., & Beale, R. (1997). Developing Competency to Manage Diversity. San Francisco CA: Berrett-Koehler Publisher Inc. Martin, C., & Tulgan, B. (2002). Managing the Generation Mix. Amherst, MA: HRD Press. Subramaniam, R. (2005). Diversity at Workplace. The Star Online,. Retrieved March 15, 2005, from http://biz.thestar.com.my/news/story/asp. Thomas, R., & Woodruff, M. (1999). Building a House of Diversity. New York, NY: Amacom.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Standardization versus Adaptation in International Marketing

There has been much debate over implementing a standardization strategy versus an adaptation approach across international markets. There are numerous factors to consider, along with pros and cons of both marketing plans. While standardization is equated with brand consistency, lower advertising costs, and overall synergy, adaptation is often required to address cultural differences for more effective communication and proves that cutting costs does not always facilitate higher profits1.For some time many researchers, such as R. D.  Buzzell in 1968, have concluded that the real question is what marketing elements can be standardized and to what degree2. However, academics support the notion that adaptation is essential to prosper in global markets. 3 And in the instance of advertising to China, the necessity for adaption is ever present. China is a very appealing marketplace to many companies due to its large population and growing economy. Despite the country’s fiscal growt h, there still remains a large disparity between big cities, like Shanghai and Beijing, versus the more inland provinces4.And since the relationship of cultural, political, and economical similarities support the standardization of competitive strategy, treating China as one nation to market to would be a mistake in itself, let along trying to standardize a campaign targeting American and Chinese consumers. Some corporations, such as Coca-Cola and Proctor and Gamble, have achieved extreme success by targeting the affluent, but there is almost a 90% segment left to infiltrate. 5 This may mean lowering product price point, but many firms still deter from positioning their products to the middle or lower class due to the high advertising costs.It is an overcrowded arena to effectively breakthrough, but this is where adaptation would hold the competitive advantage. Along with the vast disproportionate economies of scale, the psychological and cultural drivers of Chinese consumers are tr ansforming as well. The desire to express their individuality is ever present, especially in the younger generations. Nokia has seen their cell phone sales surpass other brands because of its fashion focus that the other phones lacked6.The want  for basic consumer goods is also overlooked for ones that offer a lifestyle benefit of enjoyment. â€Å"The percentage of households reporting they have DVD players jumped from 7% in 1997 to 52% in 2004. The number of households with computers grew from 2% in 1994 to 13% in 2004, and the number of those with mobile phones jumped from 10% in 1999 to 48% in 2004† (Burkholder). Thus, consumers are more likely to spend their money on technology or fashion as opposed to a household item they may need.Globalization is one of the reasons a new Chinese consumer has emerged. Individuality, brand attitudes, and lifestyle preferences in China are more aligned with Western markets, yet multinational corporations have been disappointed from stan dardized marketing strategies7. The drive to purchase Western products has greatly increased between each Chinese generation as well. In fact, generation Y (18-24) has purchased more tech-savvy devices, used the Internet, and purchased more Western brands than any Chinese age demographic before8.This appears to be more of a reason to standardize advertising campaigns, but despite desire and acceptance of Western ideals and products, the younger Chinese demographic is still very in touch and proud of their heritage9. This dynamic consumer requires research and attention, which denotes an adaptation technique to effectively communicate a marketing plan. There seems to be a general consensus from marketing researchers and intellectuals that standardization strategies are more effective, economical, and should be applied initially.However, consumer behavior and perceptions play an integral role in framing an advertising campaign and this is where a degree of adaptation is essential. Sta ndardizing many parts of a marketing mix is beneficial, but there are certain areas where modification will yield the best results. In order to achieve a working model of international marketing, standardization and adaptation strategies should be applied as see fit. And since China has a particularly diverse set of consumers that makes marketing to the country alone dynamic, an adaptation approach would be advantageous in regards to an international campaign.

Policy Monitoring and Enforcement Strategy Essays

Policy Monitoring and Enforcement Strategy Essays Policy Monitoring and Enforcement Strategy Essay Policy Monitoring and Enforcement Strategy Essay The possibility of abuse of companys resources is a real risk that can lead to regulatory noncompliance Monsoons, 2011). To ensure the companys profitability and survivability would need strict enforcement of security policies. The two most monitoring and enforcement policies I would be most concerned about is, Access Control, and virus protection. The monitoring regulations I would rely on for this activity are audit trails provided by logs, and ISO 27001/27002 formerly ISO 17799:2005), ITIL and NIST SP-800 53 Recommended security controls for Federal Information Systems standards. Logs are a great monitoring tool that provides a record of events. As such, I need every occurrence to be logged, tracked and reported on. For each entry, I want to know what occurred, when it occurred, and who or what cause it. Monitoring compliance would allow me to: (1) Detect and correct violations (2) Provide evidence to support enforcement actions (3) Evaluate program progress by establishing implicate status (4) Provide case studies for staff training (The SANS Institute, 2012). At each location I would nominate SIS enforcement officers who will be held responsible for monitoring and enforcement strategies to ensure that employees act in according with acceptable use policies (Pups), set forth by management to ensure the organization assets are protected. Sigil (pronounced swell) is one of the best GUI monitoring tool around I would use that provides real time events, sessions data, and raw packet captures. It facilitates seamless analysis, as when an alert that deeds more investigation has been identified, it makes a decision on how to handle the situation. Sigil uses a backbend database for most of its data, which allows users to perform SQL queries against several different types of security events (The SANS Institute, 2012). For access control, I would use The least privilege principle whereby employees will be granted only enough privilege to accomplish assigned tasks and no more. I would also use Separation of duties principle whereby employees responsibilities and privileges would be divided to prevent a person or mall group of collaborating people from inappropriately controlling multiple key aspects of a process and causing harm or loss Monsoons, 2011). DoD business transactions rely on EPIC ADS to prevent card data being stolen. As such, we need the early detection of virus protection to detect mallard, and prevent a breach of the system from occurring. Regular patch management updates will be a mandatory requirement In all locations. Policy enforcement can be accomplished through automated or manual controls Monsoons, 2011). Some of the controls I would utilize are: (a) Authentication methods b) Authorization methods (c) Data encryption (d) Data segmentation (e) Network segmentation. According to Johnson (201 1), automated policy management tools take security policies and Implement them as configuring updates. Once the device Is configured, the automated control enforces the policy. The enforcement can be enforce is a preventative control, which would have employees changing their passwords every 30 days. To ensure monitoring and enforcement policies are adhered to, a security awareness policy would be implemented to raise awareness of these regulations.

The Crucible Literary Analysis Essay Essays

The Crucible Literary Analysis Essay Essays The Crucible Literary Analysis Essay Paper The Crucible Literary Analysis Essay Paper Essay Topic: The Crucible Human Cruelty in the Name of Righteousness The Crucible by Arthur Miller Guilt is a difficult feel to cope with. However, being blamed guilty while being innocent is even harder. This situation is experienced through the characters in Arthur Millers play, The Crucible . In this play a group of girls attempt to practice witchcraft but because they g at caught, the girls worried they were going to get punished. They begin to accuse e other people and lie in order to deflect the blame from themselves. This initiated the Sale m Witch Trials. Miller portrays human cruelty in the name of righteousness through Abigail a ND Thomas Putnam in The Crucible In The Crucible, Abigail (Reverend Paprikas niece) accuses Tuba and Elizabeth Proctor of witchcraft in spite of upholding her innocence. Hysteria arises as R veered Hale asks Abigail If she is involved with witchcraft. Abigail replies l never sold NYSE If! Am a good girl! Am a proper girl and that Tuba forced her to do it. Tuba, in fear of PU enmeshment, accused other woman of witchcraft. Likewise, Elizabeth Proctor was also blame De for acts she did not commit. Reverend Hale says Abigail mentioned her name in the court. Elizabeth says [she] will fear With Abigail accusation against Elizabeth in the trials not only did Abigail divert attention from her but has also caused chaos in the town because the Proctors were important people. Giles Corey believes Thomas Putnam is making false accusations in order to take land, Giles accuses Thomas Putnam of coldly [prompting] [his] daughter to cry witchery upon George Jacobs. (3. 39596. 182) This meant that Thomas Putnam falsely accused George Jacobs to take advantage of the land. As a result of this accusation Giles Corey is arrested for Gonzales 2 contempt of order. He said, cannot give you no name,sir. I cannot. (3. 419. 183) He refused to give a name because he did not want anyone to be hanged. Giles Corey ref used to confess the person he got the information in the name of righteousness. During this period of time, people had a different view of righteousness. Alt Hough it may seem in the crucible as if greed, culpability and fear caused the Puritans t o act in a more harsh, merciless manner, in the Salem Welch Trials; we can also perceive that elision plays a major role during these events. In the book All Things Human by Henry Goodman Potter, pages 5854 reads,Henry Potter and his white contemporaries addressed these e concerns with common assumptions and convictions, rooted in various aspects of Name Rican religious and social thought, about the fatherhood of God and brotherhood of humane This goes out to show that equality during these periods of time was difficult to reach b cause religion changed peoples perspective drastically. Throughout The Crucible characters have been blamed for an act that they did not omit.

The Metamorphosis by Frank Kafka Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Metamorphosis by Frank Kafka - Essay Example In addition to this, there is one theme that makes up a major part of this story. In various part of the story, Kafka expresses his believe that Gregor's metamorphosis is a symbolic one rather than a physical one. By giving the story the title metamorphosis, the readers of this story are more likely to expect or believe that Gregor had turned into a real scary creature. However, Kafka expresses his view that Gregor's metamorphosis is a symbolic one rather than a physical one through various texts in the story, each of which explains the theme in various contexts. At the beginning of the story, Kafka explains how Gregor wakes up one day to find that he has turned into monstrous insect-like creature and this makes his family to run away from him (Kafka 539). The running away is an indication that the family was seeing a totally new and terrifying creature of what used to be one of them. This is also noted when Gregor examines himself and wonders what has happened of him. However, there is something about his transformation that makes Kafka to believe that it Gregor has not turned to a real vermin. Instead, he has become a vermin in psychological or moral sense. Kafka states that when Gregor realised he had changed, he does not seem to readily accept his new look. He fights with his new reality and how much it has incapacitated him and questions how such changes could occur. He does his best to get out of bed and go to work because he still has the will power to go. However, he could not manage and finally, he resorts to lying back hoping that taking some time and thinking clearly will resolve the situation (Kafka 540). The will power that Gregor displays is an indication that his transformation was not a physical one. ... The will power that Gregor displays is an indication that his transformation was not a physical one. He could not have really wanted to go and mix with normal human beings if he himself had turned into something strange. The transformations where therefore internal and Gregor was seeing the possibilities of him fighting to live amongst people and work despite the changes that have taken place in his life. He was also seeing he possibilities of being restored to his previous sound state. In other words, there was a possible intervention to it. No such interventions could be possible if Gregor had turned to a real terrifying creature. In another place, Gregor says, â€Å"How about going back to sleep for a few minutes and forgetting all this nonsense.† By terming the transformations as nonsense, Gregor was in essence indicating that he was he was experiencing some unhealthy changes in his thoughts. This is also supported by his decision to resolve to some clear thinking as a way out of this problem. For a normal human being, it does not sound realistic for one to wish away some physical changes that have taken place in one’s life because no amount of wishing can take them away. However, some psychological or moral disturbances or abnormalities can be resolved by taking time to rest, going through counseling, psychological therapy and other forms of rehabilitations. When Gregor’s situation grew worse, he became unbearable to his family and some of them even saw him as a threat to them. For example, his father throws some apples on him when he met him outside. This is the monster in him that Kafka implies and is an indication that the changes in his thoughts had now made him wild or too absurd in his behaviors. These are characteristics of persons suffering

Information Security and the National Infrastructure Case Study

Information Security and the National Infrastructure - Case Study Example The present research has identified that in the very old resist among defender and attacker, the attacker above ever comes into view to have the benefits by being well armed, generously deciding the strength of the attack and the target and without constraints of geographical distances and frontiers. In addition, the Federal Government administrator has approved actions against security and vulnerability based issues which have become more and more critical for national infrastructure in the United States began by the PDD (Presidential Decision Directive/NSC-63) on CIP (Critical Infrastructure Protection), approved by Bill Clinton in 1988. Additionally, the managerial synopses of those directives involve the protection of national natural resources for better corporate management and handling. Moreover, national critical infrastructures are based on cyber or physical systems that are essential to the lowest processes of the financial and government departments. In this scenario, thes e departments comprise, however, are not limited to, energy, telecommunications, finance, banking, water, transportation and emergency systems and services; in cooperation with private and government. Additionally, the majority of the nation’s important infrastructures have traditionally been logically and physically detached systems that had small mutual dependence. However, in the result of advancements in information technology and the need for increased performance, these arrangements have turned out to be more and more interlinked and automated.

3_08 Employee Performance Appraisal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

3_08 Employee Performance Appraisal - Essay Example Create room for personal evaluation-it is good to come up with a blank document and ensure that employees continually rate themselves using the same procedure you will rate them. Majority will appreciate participating in the process. Show respect-it is good to send clear signals to each employee and tell them that the meeting is of great importance. Start documentation at an early stage and work at a good place so as to ensure that work runs smoothly Input much focus-treat the meeting like it’s a great business encounter. It is good to make sure that one does not come up with topics that tend to divert the attention of the general meeting in place. Social elements should not be mixed. Don’t wait-it is good for one to inform employees on anything that is pending rather than wait for things to happen. Ensure that all activities are well taken care of and nothing is left pending for the moment. Be careful on writings-only information that is relevant to the topics should be included in writing. Personal information should not be included in such kinds of documents as they may not be of help. Omissions should not be done on papers. Â  Avoid debating-it is good for one to keep controlling the meeting with a further reigning in the discussions that arise. A manager is supposed to have the final word in the workplace and ensure that work is running smoothly Do not do majority of talking-it is good to let employees do the talking so that one gets the desired kind of feedback from them. Letting them do the talking gives you the opportunity to get the desired feedback from them. Â  Give evaluation deadlines-it is good to handle situations in a more professional manner as a manager. It is good not to let employees comment on the appraisal document. Comments should be done on a separate sheet of

This Book is Not a Tree Essay Example for Free

This Book is Not a Tree Essay The introduction of this book talks about how the things in our home are harmful to the environment. The author gives examples on these things and these things range from a rubber shoes to a chair up to a computer. The author points out that there is no such thing as recycling, but we ‘downcycle’ these things. We use harmful chemicals to ‘recycle’ things. However, the author mentions that consumers should not be guilty of buying these things. The manufacturers should bear the burden of making their products environment friendly. They should be the one to change their processes to make their products less harmful. The author also comments that these manufacturers should not focus on mere changing the raw materials that they use but to focus on creating something good in their industries. A Question of Design Here, the negative side of the Industrial Revolution is presented by the author. There are many chemicals that the industrials have been using in manufacturing goods. They are always promising that they are looking for a more environment friendly substances but they are not doing anything about it. As a result, many people are getting sick because of these industrials. Pollution has become rampant, too. That is why these industrials should be banned in using harmful chemicals. Why Being Less Bad is No Good This article talks about how the industrial companies are doing anything to be environment friendly. They are trying to promote recycling of waste materials or to ‘downplay’ the use of chemicals in their production. However, these methods do not prove to be successful. In recycling materials, there are still chemicals that are used to transform the waste products. This proves that there is no such thing as efficiency in the industrial companies. They will just continue to use harmful chemicals in recycling wastes and other resources. That is ‘why being less bad is no good’. It is not possible that the industrial companies are using less raw materials in their production and that they can still maximize their profits. What they could do is to think of other ways in which their waste products have other uses. Eco-Effectiveness This part talks about how the industrials should make â€Å"healthy goods and healthy byproducts. † The author gives an example of how a simple building design could enrich the environment. Natural lighting, good views, and fresh air are just some of the things that the designer should put into consideration when designing buildings. This will help in getting the building to be environment friendly because the use of electricity will be minimized and the employees will be inspired with the good views. The industrial companies should be like this, too. They should put into consideration the renewable resources that they could use in replacement of the nonrenewable resources that they are using.

Father-Daughter Relationship in the Film, William Faulkner: A Life on Paper :: Movie Film Essays

Father-Daughter Relationship in the Film, William Faulkner: A Life on Paper While the relationship between fathers and sons has been documented at length, the father/ daughter dynamic figures less prominently in literary tropes; in fact the last canonical piece I can recall reading was Euripedes’ Electra in high school. The tenuous relationship between Daddy and his little girl, however, harbors depths more personal and tangible than Greek tragedy and psychological analyses invoking the Electra complex. The emotionally void or aloof father in particular often burdens the female psyche, for his absence proves just as palpable as his sought after presence, shaping the landscape of a daughter’s future relationships and the construction of a self-image fragmented and disjointed by an early and intimate knowledge of rejection and abandonment. Transcending characterizations attached primarily to filial duty as experienced by the matriarch, the father figure remains the subject of mythologization, just as Sylvia Plath turned her father into a Colossus , a cold, inanimate stone edifice revealing none of his secrets or affection. If the absent or emotionally unavailable father takes on shades of grandeur for the daughter that knew little of him, one can only imagine the impression left by the father figure whose imagined significance in the eyes of his child is only matched by the reality of his fame. William Faulkner, A Life on Paper conveys an image of the literary colossus that both perpetuates the persona of the great American writer and deflates it. Representing the author as a fallible man who endows the world with a narrative legacy while leaving his own daughter little more than a few candid glimpses into his character, the film relays the commentary of Faulkner’s daughter as she attempts to piece together a sketch of an apathetic, mercurial, and brilliant father. Jill Faulkner Summers pulls from her memory pictures of her father as â€Å"extremely courtly and elegant† but lacking a depth and sincerity in his personal relationships: â€Å"Pappy didn’t really care about people. I think he cared about me, but I also think I could have gotten in his way and he would have walked on me.† Faulkner’s coarse words penetrated more than the page as well. After imploring â€Å"pappy† not to succumb to another drinking bout, Faulkner informs his daughter, â€Å"no one remembers Shakespeare’s child†. The film, then, relates a father/ daughter dynamic built upon emotional lack, as the father expressly negates the significance of his own child.